{"id":977,"date":"2009-11-20T12:51:56","date_gmt":"2009-11-20T16:51:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/?p=977"},"modified":"2009-11-20T19:09:19","modified_gmt":"2009-11-20T23:09:19","slug":"will-peak-oil-save-us-from-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/2009\/11\/will-peak-oil-save-us-from-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Will Peak Oil Save us from Climate Change?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Yesterday, I posted that the total budget of fossil fuel emissions we can ever emit is <a title=\"Yesterday's post on 1 trillion tonnes\" href=\"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/?p=965\" target=\"_blank\">1 trillion tonnes of Carbon<\/a>. And that we&#8217;ve burnt through about half of that since the dawn of industrialization. Today, I read in the Guardian that existing oil reserves may have been <a title=\"The Guardian, Nov 9, 2009 &quot;Key Oil figures were distorted by US pressure, says whistleblower&quot;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/environment\/2009\/nov\/09\/peak-oil-international-energy-agency\" target=\"_blank\">deliberately overestimated<\/a> by the International Energy Agency. George Monbiot <a title=\"Monbiot, Nov 16, 2009 &quot;The one thing depleting faster than oil is the credibility of those measuring it&quot;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/commentisfree\/2009\/nov\/16\/oil-running-out-madman-sandwich-board\" target=\"_blank\">explains how frightening<\/a> this could be, given the likely impact of lower oil supplies on food production. Madeleine Bunting <a title=\"Madeleine Bunting, Nov 10, 2009, &quot;Too fearful to publicise peak oil reality&quot;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.guardian.co.uk\/commentisfree\/cif-green\/2009\/nov\/10\/peak-oil-fear-economic-establishment\" target=\"_blank\">equates the reluctance to discuss this<\/a> with the head-in-the-sand attitude that preceded last year&#8217;s financial crisis. Looks like the more pessimistic of the\u00a0<a title=\"Intro to Peak Oil on wikipedia\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Peak_oil\" target=\"_blank\">peak oil<\/a> folks may have had it right all along.<\/p>\n<p>None of these articles however makes the link to climate change (Monbiot only mentions it <span style=\"text-decoration: line-through;\">in passing<\/span> in response to comments). So, which problem is bigger, peak oil or climate change? Does one cancel out the other? Should I stop worrying about the <a title=\"Just watch the counter...\" href=\"http:\/\/trillionthtonne.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">trillionth tonne<\/a>, if the oil simply doesn&#8217;t exist to get there?<\/p>\n<p>A back of the envelope calculation tells me that more than half of the world&#8217;s estimated remaining reserves of fossil fuels have to stay buried in the ground if we are to stay within a trillion tonnes. Here&#8217;s the numbers:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Oil: The <a title=\"Energy Watch Group's Oil supply outlook 2008\" href=\"http:\/\/www.energywatchgroup.org\/fileadmin\/global\/pdf\/2008-02_EWG_Oil_Report_updated.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Energy Watch Group<\/a> estimates there are 854 Gb (gigabarrels) of oil left, while <a title=\"EIA's numbers\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eia.doe.gov\/emeu\/international\/reserves.html\" target=\"_blank\">industry official figures<\/a> put it at well over 1200Gb). Let&#8217;s split the difference and say 1,000Gb (1&#215;10^12).\u00a0Jim Bliss <a title=\"Bliss's calculations of emissions from oil\" href=\"http:\/\/numero57.net\/?p=255\" target=\"_blank\">calculates<\/a> that each barrel of crude oil releases about 100kg of carbon. That gives us 0.1 trillion tonnes of Carbon from oil.<\/li>\n<li>Coal: Wikipedia <a title=\"Wikipedia on coal\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coal#World_coal_reserves\" target=\"_blank\">tells us<\/a> there are just under 1 trillion tonnes of proved recoverable coal reserves, and that coal has a <a title=\"Carbon intensity of coal, according to wikipedia\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Coal#Carbon_intensity\" target=\"_blank\">carbon intensity<\/a> of about 0.8, so that gives us 0.8 trillion tonnes of Carbon from coal.<\/li>\n<li>Natural Gas: The <a title=\"EIA's tables of fuel reserves\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eia.doe.gov\/emeu\/international\/reserves.html\" target=\"_blank\">US EIA<\/a> gives the world&#8217;s natural gas reserves as about somewhat over 6,000 trillion cubic feet, which <a title=\"Google converter\" href=\"http:\/\/www.google.ca\/search?hl=en&amp;source=hp&amp;q=convert+cubic+feet+to+cubic+meters&amp;btnG=Google+Search&amp;meta=&amp;aq=f&amp;oq=\" target=\"_blank\">converts<\/a> to about 170 trillion cubic meters. Each cubic meter <a title=\"Some basic energy conversions\" href=\"http:\/\/bioenergy.ornl.gov\/papers\/misc\/energy_conv.html\" target=\"_blank\">gives about<\/a> 0.5kg Carbon, so we have 85 trillion kg, or 0.08 trillion tonnes of Carbon from gas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>That all adds up to about 1 trillion tonnes of carbon from estimated fossil fuel reserves, the vast majority of which is coal. If we want a 50:50 chance of staying below 2\u00baC temperature rise, we can only burn half this much over the next few centuries. If we want better odds, say a 1-in-4 chance of exceeding 2\u00baC, we can only burn a quarter of it.<\/p>\n<p>Conclusion: More than one half of all remaining fossil fuel reserves must remain unused. So peak oil and peak coal won&#8217;t save us. I would even go so far as to say that the peak oil folks are only about half as <a title=\"The Oil Drum - a good place to see what people who understand peak oil are worrying about\" href=\"http:\/\/www.theoildrum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">worried<\/a> as they should be!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yesterday, I posted that the total budget of fossil fuel emissions we can ever emit is 1 trillion tonnes of Carbon. And that we&#8217;ve burnt through about half of that since the dawn of industrialization. Today, I read in the Guardian that existing oil reserves may have been deliberately overestimated by the International Energy Agency. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":392,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/977"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/392"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=977"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/977\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":985,"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/977\/revisions\/985"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=977"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=977"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.easterbrook.ca\/steve\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=977"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}